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Arduíno, eletrônica e tudo o mais
Sempre me interessei muito nesse tema, há muitos anos havia aquelas revistas especializadas em eletrônica que vinham com kits completos e diagramas.
https://www.te1.com.br/2014/04/down...quipamentos-medico-projeto-de-driver-de-leds/
Essas revistas vinham com todos os diagramas e modelos para montagem de placas, hoje em dia nunca foi tão fácil montar seus próprios projetos com placas de testes como esta, algumas nem precisam de solda.
Porquê aprender electrónica?
Os motivos são variados, pequenos reparos em equipamentos, fazer modificações em equipamentos é um hobby muito interessante e pode ser até lucrativo. Imagine modificar um console antigo e transforma-lo em algo de valor em seguida revende-lo?
A tendencia mundial é que a demanda por electrónica aumente, o IOT, internet of things dependerá destes conhecimentos, robótica, equipamentos de automação industrial, etc.
Vivemos uma era onde reciclar é algo desejável, equipamentos eletrônicos velhos, mesmo queimados tem diversos componentes que são uteis para projetos pessoais e mods.
Diversão, claro pois construir seu próprio rádio, modificar um joystick ou fazer seu próprio console é algo muito interessante para passar o tempo e aprender coisas novas.
Arduíno o que é e para que serve
Componentes mais básicos da Eletronica
PCB - Printed Circuit Board
A printed circuit board (PCB) mechanically supports and electrically connects electronic components or electrical components using conductive tracks, pads and other features etched from one or more sheet layers of copper laminated onto and/or between sheet layers of a non-conductive substrate. Components are generally soldered onto the PCB to both electrically connect and mechanically fasten them to it.
Resistor
A resistor is a passive two-terminal electrical component that implements electrical resistance as a circuit element. In electronic circuits, resistors are used to reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, to divide voltages, bias active elements, and terminate transmission lines, among other uses. High-power resistors that can dissipate many watts of electrical power as heat, may be used as part of motor controls, in power distribution systems, or as test loads for generators. Fixed resistors have resistances that only change slightly with temperature, time or operating voltage. Variable resistors can be used to adjust circuit elements (such as a volume control or a lamp dimmer), or as sensing devices for heat, light, humidity, force, or chemical activity.
Coil and inductors
An inductor, also called a coil, choke, or reactor, is a passive two-terminal electrical component that stores energy in a magnetic field when electric current flows through it.[1] An inductor typically consists of an insulated wire wound into a coil around a core.
When the current flowing through an inductor changes, the time-varying magnetic field induces an electromotive force (e.m.f.) (voltage) in the conductor, described by Faraday's law of induction. According to Lenz's law, the induced voltage has a polarity (direction) which opposes the change in current that created it. As a result, inductors oppose any changes in current through them.
An inductor is characterized by its inductance, which is the ratio of the voltage to the rate of change of current. In the International System of Units (SI), the unit of inductance is the henry (H) named for 19th century American scientist Joseph Henry. In the measurement of magnetic circuits, it is equivalent to weber/ampere. Inductors have values that typically range from 1 µH (10−6 H) to 20 H. Many inductors have a magnetic core made of iron or ferrite inside the coil, which serves to increase the magnetic field and thus the inductance. Along with capacitors and resistors, inductors are one of the three passive linear circuit elements that make up electronic circuits. Inductors are widely used in alternating current (AC) electronic equipment, particularly in radio equipment. They are used to block AC while allowing DC to pass; inductors designed for this purpose are called chokes. They are also used in electronic filters to separate signals of different frequencies, and in combination with capacitors to make tuned circuits, used to tune radio and TV receivers.
Transistors
A transistor is a semiconductor device used to amplify or switch electronic signals and electrical power. It is composed of semiconductor material usually with at least three terminals for connection to an external circuit.
Capacitores
A capacitor is a passive two-terminal electronic component that stores electrical energy in an electric field. The effect of a capacitor is known as capacitance.
Equipamentos básicos para iniciantes
Ferro de solda
O mais basico dos basico tem de ter pelo menos um ferro de solda e um estanho para soldar como este.
E nunca deixe outras pessoas pegarem isto para fazer brincadeiras como derreter plásticos! O ferro de solda perde sua capacidade de fundir o estanho pois perde o revestimento.
É recomendável um desoldering como este tambem
Multimetro
Esse é basico como ferro de soldar, com ele realizamos testes nos circuitos e testamos se tudo funciona, resistencia e corrente etc. Um barato resolve o problema e funciona como os mais caros nao se preocupe em gastar muito nisso por enquanto.
Osciloscopio
Esse equipamento pode ser encontrado em vários preços, se quiser um DYI eu tenho visto bons resultados e sao muito mais baratos!
Em construção
Diagramas
Como ler e interpretar diagramas, essa parte é FUNDAMENTAL, quem souber ler diagramas consegue reproduzir a perfeição qualquer dispositivo.
Em construção
Projetos para iniciantes e avançados
Em construção
Sempre me interessei muito nesse tema, há muitos anos havia aquelas revistas especializadas em eletrônica que vinham com kits completos e diagramas.
https://www.te1.com.br/2014/04/down...quipamentos-medico-projeto-de-driver-de-leds/
Essas revistas vinham com todos os diagramas e modelos para montagem de placas, hoje em dia nunca foi tão fácil montar seus próprios projetos com placas de testes como esta, algumas nem precisam de solda.
Porquê aprender electrónica?
Os motivos são variados, pequenos reparos em equipamentos, fazer modificações em equipamentos é um hobby muito interessante e pode ser até lucrativo. Imagine modificar um console antigo e transforma-lo em algo de valor em seguida revende-lo?
A tendencia mundial é que a demanda por electrónica aumente, o IOT, internet of things dependerá destes conhecimentos, robótica, equipamentos de automação industrial, etc.
Vivemos uma era onde reciclar é algo desejável, equipamentos eletrônicos velhos, mesmo queimados tem diversos componentes que são uteis para projetos pessoais e mods.
Diversão, claro pois construir seu próprio rádio, modificar um joystick ou fazer seu próprio console é algo muito interessante para passar o tempo e aprender coisas novas.
Arduíno o que é e para que serve
What is Arduino?
Arduino is an open-source electronics platform based on easy-to-use hardware and software. Arduino boards are able to read inputs - light on a sensor, a finger on a button, or a Twitter message - and turn it into an output - activating a motor, turning on an LED, publishing something online. You can tell your board what to do by sending a set of instructions to the microcontroller on the board. To do so you use the Arduino programming language (based on Wiring), and the Arduino Software (IDE), based on Processing.
Over the years Arduino has been the brain of thousands of projects, from everyday objects to complex scientific instruments. A worldwide community of makers - students, hobbyists, artists, programmers, and professionals - has gathered around this open-source platform, their contributions have added up to an incredible amount of accessible knowledge that can be of great help to novices and experts alike.
Arduino was born at the Ivrea Interaction Design Institute as an easy tool for fast prototyping, aimed at students without a background in electronics and programming. As soon as it reached a wider community, the Arduino board started changing to adapt to new needs and challenges, differentiating its offer from simple 8-bit boards to products for IoT applications, wearable, 3D printing, and embedded environments. All Arduino boards are completely open-source, empowering users to build them independently and eventually adapt them to their particular needs. The software, too, is open-source, and it is growing through the contributions of users worldwide.
Why Arduino?
Thanks to its simple and accessible user experience, Arduino has been used in thousands of different projects and applications. The Arduino software is easy-to-use for beginners, yet flexible enough for advanced users. It runs on Mac, Windows, and Linux. Teachers and students use it to build low cost scientific instruments, to prove chemistry and physics principles, or to get started with programming and robotics. Designers and architects build interactive prototypes, musicians and artists use it for installations and to experiment with new musical instruments. Makers, of course, use it to build many of the projects exhibited at the Maker Faire, for example. Arduino is a key tool to learn new things. Anyone - children, hobbyists, artists, programmers - can start tinkering just following the step by step instructions of a kit, or sharing ideas online with other members of the Arduino community.
There are many other microcontrollers and microcontroller platforms available for physical computing. Parallax Basic Stamp, Netmedia's BX-24, Phidgets, MIT's Handyboard, and many others offer similar functionality. All of these tools take the messy details of microcontroller programming and wrap it up in an easy-to-use package. Arduino also simplifies the process of working with microcontrollers, but it offers some advantage for teachers, students, and interested amateurs over other systems:
See the getting started guide. If you are looking for inspiration you can find a great variety of Tutorials on Arduino Project Hub.
The text of the Arduino getting started guide is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 License. Code samples in the guide are released into the public domain.
Over the years Arduino has been the brain of thousands of projects, from everyday objects to complex scientific instruments. A worldwide community of makers - students, hobbyists, artists, programmers, and professionals - has gathered around this open-source platform, their contributions have added up to an incredible amount of accessible knowledge that can be of great help to novices and experts alike.
Arduino was born at the Ivrea Interaction Design Institute as an easy tool for fast prototyping, aimed at students without a background in electronics and programming. As soon as it reached a wider community, the Arduino board started changing to adapt to new needs and challenges, differentiating its offer from simple 8-bit boards to products for IoT applications, wearable, 3D printing, and embedded environments. All Arduino boards are completely open-source, empowering users to build them independently and eventually adapt them to their particular needs. The software, too, is open-source, and it is growing through the contributions of users worldwide.
Why Arduino?
Thanks to its simple and accessible user experience, Arduino has been used in thousands of different projects and applications. The Arduino software is easy-to-use for beginners, yet flexible enough for advanced users. It runs on Mac, Windows, and Linux. Teachers and students use it to build low cost scientific instruments, to prove chemistry and physics principles, or to get started with programming and robotics. Designers and architects build interactive prototypes, musicians and artists use it for installations and to experiment with new musical instruments. Makers, of course, use it to build many of the projects exhibited at the Maker Faire, for example. Arduino is a key tool to learn new things. Anyone - children, hobbyists, artists, programmers - can start tinkering just following the step by step instructions of a kit, or sharing ideas online with other members of the Arduino community.
There are many other microcontrollers and microcontroller platforms available for physical computing. Parallax Basic Stamp, Netmedia's BX-24, Phidgets, MIT's Handyboard, and many others offer similar functionality. All of these tools take the messy details of microcontroller programming and wrap it up in an easy-to-use package. Arduino also simplifies the process of working with microcontrollers, but it offers some advantage for teachers, students, and interested amateurs over other systems:
- Inexpensive - Arduino boards are relatively inexpensive compared to other microcontroller platforms. The least expensive version of the Arduino module can be assembled by hand, and even the pre-assembled Arduino modules cost less than $50
- Cross-platform - The Arduino Software (IDE) runs on Windows, Macintosh OSX, and Linux operating systems. Most microcontroller systems are limited to Windows.
- Simple, clear programming environment - The Arduino Software (IDE) is easy-to-use for beginners, yet flexible enough for advanced users to take advantage of as well. For teachers, it's conveniently based on the Processing programming environment, so students learning to program in that environment will be familiar with how the Arduino IDE works.
- Open source and extensible software - The Arduino software is published as open source tools, available for extension by experienced programmers. The language can be expanded through C++ libraries, and people wanting to understand the technical details can make the leap from Arduino to the AVR C programming language on which it's based. Similarly, you can add AVR-C code directly into your Arduino programs if you want to.
- Open source and extensible hardware - The plans of the Arduino boards are published under a Creative Commons license, so experienced circuit designers can make their own version of the module, extending it and improving it. Even relatively inexperienced users can build the breadboard version of the module in order to understand how it works and save money.
See the getting started guide. If you are looking for inspiration you can find a great variety of Tutorials on Arduino Project Hub.
The text of the Arduino getting started guide is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 License. Code samples in the guide are released into the public domain.
Componentes mais básicos da Eletronica
PCB - Printed Circuit Board
A printed circuit board (PCB) mechanically supports and electrically connects electronic components or electrical components using conductive tracks, pads and other features etched from one or more sheet layers of copper laminated onto and/or between sheet layers of a non-conductive substrate. Components are generally soldered onto the PCB to both electrically connect and mechanically fasten them to it.
Resistor
A resistor is a passive two-terminal electrical component that implements electrical resistance as a circuit element. In electronic circuits, resistors are used to reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, to divide voltages, bias active elements, and terminate transmission lines, among other uses. High-power resistors that can dissipate many watts of electrical power as heat, may be used as part of motor controls, in power distribution systems, or as test loads for generators. Fixed resistors have resistances that only change slightly with temperature, time or operating voltage. Variable resistors can be used to adjust circuit elements (such as a volume control or a lamp dimmer), or as sensing devices for heat, light, humidity, force, or chemical activity.
Coil and inductors
An inductor, also called a coil, choke, or reactor, is a passive two-terminal electrical component that stores energy in a magnetic field when electric current flows through it.[1] An inductor typically consists of an insulated wire wound into a coil around a core.
When the current flowing through an inductor changes, the time-varying magnetic field induces an electromotive force (e.m.f.) (voltage) in the conductor, described by Faraday's law of induction. According to Lenz's law, the induced voltage has a polarity (direction) which opposes the change in current that created it. As a result, inductors oppose any changes in current through them.
An inductor is characterized by its inductance, which is the ratio of the voltage to the rate of change of current. In the International System of Units (SI), the unit of inductance is the henry (H) named for 19th century American scientist Joseph Henry. In the measurement of magnetic circuits, it is equivalent to weber/ampere. Inductors have values that typically range from 1 µH (10−6 H) to 20 H. Many inductors have a magnetic core made of iron or ferrite inside the coil, which serves to increase the magnetic field and thus the inductance. Along with capacitors and resistors, inductors are one of the three passive linear circuit elements that make up electronic circuits. Inductors are widely used in alternating current (AC) electronic equipment, particularly in radio equipment. They are used to block AC while allowing DC to pass; inductors designed for this purpose are called chokes. They are also used in electronic filters to separate signals of different frequencies, and in combination with capacitors to make tuned circuits, used to tune radio and TV receivers.
Transistors
A transistor is a semiconductor device used to amplify or switch electronic signals and electrical power. It is composed of semiconductor material usually with at least three terminals for connection to an external circuit.
Capacitores
A capacitor is a passive two-terminal electronic component that stores electrical energy in an electric field. The effect of a capacitor is known as capacitance.
Equipamentos básicos para iniciantes
Ferro de solda
O mais basico dos basico tem de ter pelo menos um ferro de solda e um estanho para soldar como este.
E nunca deixe outras pessoas pegarem isto para fazer brincadeiras como derreter plásticos! O ferro de solda perde sua capacidade de fundir o estanho pois perde o revestimento.
É recomendável um desoldering como este tambem
Multimetro
Esse é basico como ferro de soldar, com ele realizamos testes nos circuitos e testamos se tudo funciona, resistencia e corrente etc. Um barato resolve o problema e funciona como os mais caros nao se preocupe em gastar muito nisso por enquanto.
Osciloscopio
Esse equipamento pode ser encontrado em vários preços, se quiser um DYI eu tenho visto bons resultados e sao muito mais baratos!
Em construção
Diagramas
Como ler e interpretar diagramas, essa parte é FUNDAMENTAL, quem souber ler diagramas consegue reproduzir a perfeição qualquer dispositivo.
Em construção
Projetos para iniciantes e avançados
Em construção
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